Enhancing Academic Performance of Disabled Students through Multiple Intelligences Based Programmes

This study investigated the effectiveness of multiple intelligences based programme in enhancing academic performance of disabled learners 5th and 6th year elementary of Omoyeni special school, Orita Aperin, Ibadan Oyo State, Nigeria. The study utilized pre-post quasi experimental design. A total of 120 disabled learners, 60 experimental 60 control group were the participants of the study. The experimental group consists of 15 visually impaired, 20 hearing impaired and 25 intellectually and developmentally disabled participants the age range of the participants was between 12 and 22 with average age of 17years. Multiple regression scale (MIS) was the instrument used for data collection. Three research hypotheses and a research question guided the study. Multiple regression analysis and ANCOVA were the statistical tools used to process the data collected. The results of the findings indicate that multiple intelligences based programme was effective with disabled learners in improving their academic performance. Findings from this study also indicated that treatment was most effective with the learners with visual impairment followed by learners with visual impairment and it was least effective with the intellectually and developmentally disabled. On the basis of these findings, it was observed that multiple intelligence based programme could assist in enhancing academic performance of the disabled learners. Keywords: Multiple intelligences, academic performance, disabled students

Effects of Stress Management Training of Self-Image Perception of the Visually Impaired Individuals

This study investigates the effects of stress management training on self-image perception of the visually impaired individuals. The participants were thirty-three (33) purposively selected visually impaired students of Federal College of Education (Special) Oyo, Nigeria with age ranging between 18 and 27 years. The research instrument used for data collection was visually impaired stress Questionnaire (VISQ). ANCOVA was the method of data analysis employed. The results of the treatment indicates that there was significant difference between the subjects exposed to treatment and the control group. The results also confirmed that there was significant difference in the level of stress experienced by the totally blind and the partially sighted

Effect of intercropping madumbe (Colocasia esculenta) and rice (Oryza sativa L.) on yield and land productivity under different irrigation water management techniques with effluent water

The need for the optimal use of land, without a yield penalty, in urban and peri-urban (UP) settlements isvital. This study investigated the effect of intercropping madumbe and rice with respect to yield and landproductivity when irrigated with anaerobic baffled reactor (ABR) effluent under different irrigation watermanagement techniques. It was hypothesized that intercropping under different irrigation water managementtechniques has no effect on the yield and land productivity. Field trials were conducted in the 2017 and 2018cropping seasons with ABR effluent (without fertilizer) at the Newlands Mashu Experimental Site, NewlandsEast, Durban, South Africa. A randomized complete block design with 3 replications; cropping treatmentsof sole madumbe, sole rice and madumbe + rice (intercrop) and irrigation treatments of alternate wettingand drying (AWD), continuous flood irrigation (CFI) and wetting without flooding (WWF) was used. Growthand yield parameters at harvest were determined. Thereafter, land equivalent ratio (LER) was calculated toevaluate the productivity of the intercrop. The effect of intercropping was significant (P < 0.05) on the totalnumber of irrigation events and total water use. There was a significant reduction (P < 0.05) in plant heightsof both madumbe and rice at intercrop. However, the effect on plant height for treatment CFI was positivebut not significant (P > 0.05) for both seasons. A significant (P < 0.05) reduction also occurred in the numberof madumbe leaves/plant, and panicles/plant and tillers/plant for rice. Intercropping significantly reduced(P < 0.05) madumbe corm and rice grain yield over the two seasons relative to sole cropping. LER showedthat intercropping madumbe with rice was not more productive (LER < 1) than sole cropping of madumbe. Itwas concluded that over the two-season period, intercropping madumbe and rice do not yield appreciablyunder any of the three irrigation management techniques applied and the study hypothesis is thus rejected. Keywords: ABR alternate wetting and drying (AWD) continuous flood  irrigation (CFI) land equivalent ratio (LER) wetting without flooding (WWF

Rapid Assessment of the Water Chemistry of Public Water Supply in Abeokuta, SouthWest Nigeria

The study examined the water supply situation in Abeokuta, with emphasis on the quality of water distributed by the Ogun State Water Corporation from the treatment plant of the Abeokuta Water Scheme. Water samples were collected from standpipes (taps) across the city randomly selected using the stratified random sampling method and was analysed for physical and chemical parameters: pH, total dissolved solids (TDS), electrical conductivity (EC), total alkalinity, total hardness, calcium, magnesium, potassium, sodium, nitrate, bicarbonate, sulphate and chloride. The result of the physical and chemical parameters was subjected to statistical analyses using the multivariate t-test. The result of the treated water was further compared with the result of the analyses of raw water obtained from the source of water used in the treatment plant

Effect of Chloride in The Electrochemical Degradation of Carbon Steel in E40 Fuel Ethanol Applications

The effect of different chloride concentration on the corrosion rate of carbon steel in E40 is presented in this study. The corrosion rates for each sample were examined using gravimetric method and polarization measurement. The samples were immersed into E40 fuel grade ethanol containing NaCl concentrations of (0, 8, 16, 24 and 32 mg/L) for a minutest of 10 days and a maximum of 40days. Results obtained from both gravimetric and polarization measurements show that as chloride concentration amplified from 0 mg/L to 32 mg/L, there was an increase in corrosion rate of the carbon steel with the exception of a slight decrease at 24 mg/L on the 30th and 40th day. Corrosion rate was observed to be dependent on exposure time

Roll out of a successful antimicrobial stewardship programme in Lagos University Teaching Hospital Nigeria using the Global-Point Prevalence Survey

Background: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has become a public health emergency with increasing rates and spread globally. Antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) has been advocated to reduce the burden of antimicrobial resistance, promote rational and appropriate use of antibiotics and improve clinical outcomes. Education and training are one of the AMS interventions to improve antimicrobial use. We present the roll out of a successful AMS programme with education and training using the Global-PPS as data collection tool to measure AMS interventions and impact.Methodology: This was a cross sectional study on the implementation of an AMS programme at the Lagos University Teaching Hospital. Global PPS was conducted in 2015 to collect baseline data which was used to identify targets for quality improvement in AMS and was repeated in 2017 and 2018 to measure impact of AMS interventions. AMS interventions included education, feedback of Global-PPS result and writing of the hospitalwide antibiotic policy based on the baseline data.Results: Out of the 746 inpatients surveyed, 476 (68.3%) had received at least one antimicrobial on the days of Global-PPS. The antimicrobial prescribing rates reduced significantly over the three time periods. In 2015, 82.5% were placed on antimicrobials, 65.5% in 2017 and 51.1% in 2018 (p<0.00001). The documentation of indication for treatment significantly improved from 53.4% in 2015 to 97.2% in 2018 (p<0.0001). Stop review date also significantly improved from 28.7% to 70.2% in 2018 (p<0.00001). Surgical prophylaxis for more than 24 hours reduced significantly from 93.3% in 2015 to 65.7% in 2018 (p=0.002) even though the prevalence was still high. The three most commonly administered antimicrobial groups were third generation cephalosporins, imidazole derivatives and quinolones. The most commonly prescribed antibiotics for surgical prophylaxis were ceftriaxone and metronidazole in 2015 and ceftriaxone in 2017.Conclusion: The use of education and training as AMS intervention in a limited resource setting clearly made impact on antimicrobial prescribing patterns in the hospital. Global-PPS is useful to set quality improvement targets and for monitoring, evaluation and surveillance of an AMS programme. Keywords: Antibiotic, Stewardship, Resistance, Education, Global-PP

A Community - Based Modification Intervention To Reduce Anger Among Secondary School Students Living In The Five Local Government Areas Of Oyo State, Nigeria

This study investigates behaviour modification intervention programme in the reduction of anger among secondary school students from five local government areas of Oyo State. Intensity of Angry Feeling Scale (IAFS) developed by the researcher was the measuring instrument used to collect the data. The participants of the study comprised of 600 final year students randomly drawn from 10 secondary schools located in 5 Local Government Area of Oyo State. Two hypotheses were tested for significance at 0.05 alpha level using t-test statistical tool. Result clearly showed that gender difference was significant when compared anger reduction level of male and female subjects after the treatment. When compared treated and untreated group, it was discovered that youths differ significantly on their level of anger reduction. It can be deduced that behaviour modification Intervention was an effective mediator in the reduction of anger level in youths. The youths exposed to Community-based Behaviour Modification Intervention exhibited high level of reduction in their anger level than the control group.Behaviour Modification, Anger, Reduction

The COVID-19 pandemic: the benefits and challenges it presents for medical education in Africa

The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has impacted many facets of everyday daily life, resulting in far-reaching consequences on social interaction, regional and global economies, and healthcare delivery systems. Numerous reports have commented on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on medical education in various world regions. However, we know little about the influence of the pandemic on medical education in Africa. Here, we discuss the potential impact of COVID-19 on teaching and learning in undergraduate medical education in sub-Saharan Africa, illustrating some of the unexpected benefits and challenges the pandemic presents for medical education in sub-Saharan Africa